Contraception Options for women in Melbourne

Sexual Health: Understanding STIs, Contraception Options, and Promoting Wellness

Sexual health is a crucial aspect of overall well-being that encompasses physical, emotional, mental, and social factors. As an obstetrician and gynaecologist, I’m committed to providing comprehensive information to help you make informed decisions about your sexual health. In this article, we’ll explore three key areas: sexually transmitted infections (STIs), contraception options, and general sexual wellness.

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

STIs are infections that can be passed from one person to another through sexual contact. It’s essential to understand these infections, their symptoms, and how to prevent them.

Common STIs in Australia

  1. Chlamydia: The most frequently reported STI in Australia. It often has no symptoms but can lead to infertility if left untreated.
  2. Gonorrhoea: Cases have been increasing, particularly among young people. Symptoms may include unusual discharge and pain during urination.
  3. Genital Herpes: Caused by the herpes simplex virus, it can result in painful blisters or sores.
  4. Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Some strains can cause genital warts or lead to cervical cancer.
  5. Syphilis: Although less common, cases have been rising. It can have serious long-term health consequences if not treated early.

Prevention and Testing

The best ways to prevent STIs include:

  • Using barrier methods like condoms and dental dams
  • Getting vaccinated against HPV and Hepatitis B
  • Regular STI testing, especially when changing partners
  • Open communication with sexual partners about sexual health

In Australia, STI testing is available through GPs, sexual health clinics, and family planning centres. Many tests are covered by Medicare, making them accessible to most Australians.

Contraception Options

Contraception is a personal choice, and there are many options available in Australia. Here’s an overview of some common methods:

  1. Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill: Contains oestrogen and progestogen. It’s highly effective when used correctly but requires daily use.
  2. Progestogen-only Pill (Mini Pill): Suitable for those who can’t take oestrogen. It requires very consistent use.
  3. Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC):
    • Intrauterine Devices (IUDs): Both hormonal and non-hormonal options are available. They can protect for 3-10 years.
    • Contraceptive Implant: A small rod inserted under the skin of the upper arm, effective for up to three years.
  4. Contraceptive Injection: Protects for 12 weeks.
  5. Barrier Methods:
    • Condoms: Both male and female condoms are available. They also protect STIs.
    • Diaphragms: Used with spermicide for additional effectiveness.
  6. Sterilisation: Permanent methods like tubal ligation for women or vasectomy for men.
  7. Emergency Contraception: Available over-the-counter in Australian pharmacies.

Choosing the right contraception depends on various factors including your health history, lifestyle, and future pregnancy plans. It’s important to discuss your options with a healthcare provider to find the best fit for you.

Sexual health is a fundamental part of overall health and well-being. By understanding STIs and how to prevent them, exploring contraception options, and focusing on overall sexual wellness, you can make informed decisions about your sexual health. Remember, every individual’s needs are unique, and it’s always best to consult with a healthcare professional for personalised advice.

As your obstetrician and gynaecologist, I’m here to support you in all aspects of your sexual and reproductive health. Don’t hesitate to reach out if you have any questions or concerns. Your health and well-being are our top priority.